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With the development of technology, the ways to unearth the crime has also developed. Since last few years, the investigating machineries are resorting to various tests such as Narco Analysis Test, P300 Test, and Lie Detector test to find out the truth from the arrested accused.
Narco Analysis Test:
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In the wake of Abdul Karim Telgi’s case, the Narco Analysis Test is in news again. In the Narco Analysis Tests, a person’s imagination is neutralized by making him semi-conscious. In this state of mind, it becomes difficult for him to lie and his answers would be restricted to facts he is already aware of. Experts inject the subject with Sodium Pentothal or Sodium Amytal. The dose is dependent on the person's sex, age, health and physical condition. A wrong dose can result in a person going into a coma, or even death. The subject is not in a position to speak up on his own but can answer specific but simple questions. The answers are believed to be spontaneous as a semi-conscious person is unable to manipulate the answers.
P300 Test:
When the brain recognizes a person or a sound, it generates a particular type of electric wave, which is called a P300. Sensors are attached to the head of a person undergoing a P300 test and the subject is seated before a computer monitor. He is then shown certain images or made to hear certain sounds. The sensors monitor electrical activity in the brain and register P300 waves, which are generated only if the subject has some connection with the stimulus, in this case pictures or sounds.
The difference between the Narco Analysis test and this test is that while doing this test, the subject is not asked any question. These tests are used by investigators to cross check their findings, determine if a suspect is telling the truth or make him reveal facts.
Lie-Detector Test:
Perhaps the best known method of deception detection is the polygraph technique, often inaccurately referred to as the "lie detector." Lie detection methods have been used for years by police interrogators. Physiologically, when a suspect lies about their involvement in crime, it's fairly easy to notice a flushed face, throbbing of the carotid artery, dryness of the mouth, sundry other clues.
Evidentiary value of these tests in the Court of Law:
The Law fraternity is divided on the admissibility of evidentiary value of such tests in the Court of Law. At the most, it helps investigators to investigate the crime in right channel and direction and at the most can be used a corroborative evidence, which is much again depend upon the Court, which considers the circumstances under which it was obtained and assess its admissibility.
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